Oil burner



Aug. 13, 1929. ca. w. BLAKESLEY 3 OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 9, 1925 s Sheets-Shet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Aug. 13, 1929.. G. w. BLAKESLEY 01L BURNER Filed Nov. 9, 1925 s- Shts-Shet 2 ATTORNEY g- 1929- .G. WiBllAKESLEY OIL BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet Filed Nov. 9, 1925 ATTOR-NEY Patented Aug. 13, 1929.

warren star as caries.

GEORGE W. BLAKESLEY, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOB TO THE SECURITY STOVE & MFG. 00., OF KANSAS CTLTY, lviISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed November My invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to a vaporizing burner of the power type, wherein oil is fed by gravity to the vaporizing chamber and air for supporting combustion is supplied by a fan blower, the supplies of oil and air being automatically controlled thermostatically to regulate temperatures, and mechanically to discontinue flow of oil in case the burner flame should accidentally become extinguished.

Among the objects of the invention are complete combustion of the fuel mixture within an incandescent zone, vaporization of the fuel prior to ignition and gi'iarding of the pilot light to prevent its being blown out by the current of combustion supporting air.

in accomplishing these and other objects of the invention 1. have provided improved details of structure, the preferred form of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawin wherein Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an oil H burner embodying my improvements, the

burner proper being in vertical section and part of the control box being broken away for better illustration.

2 is a transverse vertical section of the burner on the line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the burner, particularly illustrating the safety pan, the vaporizing stool, and the air deflectors.

Fig. 4: is a detail perspective of the ele ments of the burner in spaced but relative relation.

5 is an enlarged vertical section of a part of the burner on the line 5 5, Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the vaporizing stool.

The burner proper maybe used in connection with any ordinary type of furnace within which it may be supported at a proper elevation to etiicien'tly distribute the products of combustion to the pipes of a hot air furnace or to the'boilea of a hot water or steam heating plant, and to afford space beneath the burner for accommodating the air and fuel-conduits when the latter are projected through the ash pit door opening.

The burner proper includes a circular base 1 constituting a bowl having an upper annular flange 2 with a shoulder 23 at its inner edge for a purpose presently described, and

9, 1925. Serial. No. 67,807.

having ears 4 extending laterally from beneath the flange and provided with apertures 5 for receiving the legs6 whereby the bowl is supported from the floor of the furnace.

The legs 6 are preferably adjustably connected with the burner to provide for leveling the latter by threading their upper ends into the threadedapertures 5 of the lugs l and the adjustment is maintained by lock nuts 7 which bear against the tops ofthe lugs. At diametrically opposite points in the bottom of bowl are openings 8 2) and extending into the bowl at the edges of the openings are partitions 9 which, with the wall of the bowl, form channels 10 for conducting air upwardly to about the vertical center of the bowl. Extending transversely across the bowl between the-partitions 9 is a seat 11. which may be hollowed out to eliminate excess .weight and form a boss 12 having channels 13 and 14 for the purposes presently described.

Rising from the ends of the partitions 9 are stop lugs 15 (Fig. 4) for guiding the safety pan (presently mentioned) to proper position on the seat 11 and anchoring the pan in place. 7 s

In the bottom of the bowl is a sump 16 for collectingoil which may overflow fron the safety pan, and having a threaded lower portion 17 for receiving the nipple 18 of a pipe 19 through which the overflow is conducted back to the control box. The sump '16 is protected from intake of foreign .matter which might clog the flow by a hood 20 supported about the bottom of the bowl by legs 21 so that oil may flow beneath the. hood plate but foreign matter large enough to clog the sump will be caught by the hood.

The partitions 9 are preferably built up above the upper surface of the seat 11 to support the safety pan slightly above the top of the seat, and thereby provi le communication between opposite sides of the bowl beneath the pan through which oil overflowing into the bowl may pass to escape through the sump 16. 7

Supported on the partitions 9 is a safety pan having curved end portions and indented. sides, the end port-ions following the contour of the bowl but spacedtherefrom to form a channel through which overflow from the pan may pass into the bowl and following the contour of the partitions to extend the air channels 10 upwardly to the top of the pan.

The pan is provided with a bridge 2% across its shortest diameter corresponding to the seat 11 in the bowl 1 and has a central channel registering with the opening 13 in the bowl seat.

Extending through the aperture 25 and threaded into the opening 13 in the bowl seat is a tube 26 which extends above the bridge and adapted for carrying the vaporizing stool 27, the bridge having an annular boss 28 surrounding the channel 25 to space the stool from the bridge and providing for circulation therebetween.

The bridge 2% is preferably solid but provided with a manifold chamber 29 having an opening 30 carrying a nipple 31. which is threaded into the opening 1 in the bowl seat. 7

Spaced about the central aperture 25 in the bridge 21 are nipples 32 having openings 33 therethrough communicating with the manifold chamber to distribute gas for a pilot light.

The vaporizing stool which I prefer to employ consists of a disk 35, (Fi g. 6) having a central boss 36 on its under side adapie-Ll forseating on the top of the tube 26 and. having an upstanding dome 37 on its upper face.

A channel 38 extends through the dome and disk for supplying oilthrough the tube 26 for vaporization in the stool.

Surrounding the disk is an upstanding annular flange 39 forming a res r 'oir on the upper face of the disk, and extending diametrically from the flange to the dome are dams s0 and a1 separating the reservoir into two semi-circular chambers.

The flange 39 has a slot 12 in each of the chamber sections forming arr-outlet through which oil flowing down the dome from the intake channel. may drain into the safety pan at such time as the oil is not vaporizing in the stool.

In order to afford opportunity for vaporization in the stool, I provide the dome with grooves 4 l l5, leading from the intake channel 38 to the chambers at points opposite the outlets l2 and provide the stool with staggered battles 46 whereby the oil directed in a tortuous path from the intake points to the outlets, thereby affording am ple opportunity for vaporization.

It is important that a proper amount of oxygen be supplied to and mixed with the fuel vapor before the products of combustion are released from the combustion chamber. To secure this proper mixture and coinbustion I swirl the combustion supporting air within a confined space adjacent the vaporizing stool, the swirling being effected by delivery of the air from the channels 10 down wardly and in a circular path by means of deflectors seated over the openings and supported by the safety pan.

There is a deflector 47 for one of the channels and a similar deflector d7 for the other of the channels, each consisting of a casting comprising wedge-shaped side members 48 and 48, the inner member 48 being supported on the edge of the safety pan and the outer one of which located between the stop lugs 15 and has a notch l9 at its front end forming a seat by which the deflector is supported on the edge of the pan, as shown in Fig. 1.

In order to anchor the deflectors to the pan, 1 provide the inner side member as thereof with spaced lugs 50 adapted for seating in sockets 51 in the inner face of the pan, and with a lug adapted for seating in the so ket formed between outstanding lugs on the outer face of the pan.

The lug is provided with an aperture adapted for registration with an aperture 56 in the side of the pan through which a key 57 may be projected to lock the deflector to the pan. Because of the wedge shape of the sides of the deflector, the top of the deflector inclined, and extending downwardly from the front end of the top-memher is a lip 59, whereby air passing up through the channels and striking the inclined top of the deflector carried forwardly and turned downwardly to carry the air in a swirlingpath into the vapor generated on the stool.

The stool is spaced suliicicntly from the top of the bridge of the safety pan to permit flame from the pilot nipples to escape about the stool, but the diameter of the stool is sufficiently greater than the width of the bridge to protect the flame from being extinguished by the current of air delivered from the mouths oi? the deflectors. To further protect the burner flame I- provide the stool. with a downwardly extending annular flange 59, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

To provide for overflow of oil from the safety pan l1 provide an outlet aperture 60 in the side of the pan and space the pan from the walls of the bowl so that oil may escape through the aperture, or in case of an excess flow may escape over the edge of the pan when the pan is tilled, and pass into the chambers of the bowl, to escape through the sump and overflow pipe.

In. order to confine the oil vapor and combustion supporting air until they have been thoroughly mixed and complete combustion takes place, I build up around the burner elements a fire pot 62 consisting of a plurah ity of scgn'iental lire brick 63, each tapered in two directions to reduce the diameter of the pot at the top and provide :1 Keystone locx of the brick when they are assembled. The brick 63 rest at their lower edges on the path across top of the bowl flange 2 and are grooved at their inner edges to seat on the shoulder 3 to prevent their inward displacement, the upper ends of the bricks being flanged at to obstruct exit of the products of combustion and direct them to the central outlet opening. Fitting over the assembled brick is adrum 66 of sheet metal, tapered to conform to the con figuration of the tire pot and hold the brick in close assembled relation, the lower edge of the drum projecting over the bowl flange and the upper edge extending above the top of the pot to protect the brick and form a substantial assembly of the pot with the bowl.

Suspended below the bowl 1 and covering the air channels at the sides thereof is a spout (58 (Figs. 1 and 2) for delivering air under pressure to the air channels. The spout is preferably carried from the bowl on hangers 69 having hooks 70 located in apertures 71 in ears 72 formed integral with the bowl in the angle between the body of the bowl and the ange 2, the lower ends of the hangers being located in slot 73 in the spout flange 7% and provided with wing nuts 75 which are threaded onto the lower ends of the hangers and bear against the under surface of the spout flange. lVith this arrangement the spout can be drawn to close contact with the lower edge of the bowl to render the connection substantially air tight and yet provide for easy removal of the spout when the burner is to be taken apart.

Control mechanism for the burner may be housed in a. box 76 adjacent and exterior to the furnace within which the burner is located and includes a motor 77, a fan blower indicated by the housing 7 8 operable by the motor and connected with the spout 68 by a tube 79 fitting over the neck 80 of the spout and within a collar 81 on the box 76; a thermostatic switch 82 for controlling the motor, and an automatic valve 83 for controlling supply of oil from a line 84- to a pipe 85 leading through the tube 79 and spout 68 to the opening 13 in the bottom of the bowl for supplying oil to vaporizing stool.

Gas is supplied to the pilot light through a pipe 88 including a mixer 89 leading to the opening 1% in the boss 12 of the bowl 1, and provided with an elbow 90, one arm of which is threaded into the opening 14.

Assuming the burner to be constructed and assembled as described, the operation is as follows: Reaching the stool, the oil flows gently through the grooves in the dome into th chambers in the top of the stool. where it is vaporized and the vapor mingled with the incoming air furnished by the blower. The air passing up through the channels at the sides of the bowl and safety pan, is deflected in circumferential and downward the plane of the stool, striking the vapor and swirling it about the pan to effect a thorough mixture of the fuel vapor and air. The pilot lights, having previously been ignited, ignite the fuel mixture which burns within the combustion chamber so that the mixture is entirely consumed before it reaches the restricted outlet at the top ofthe fire brick chamber. 7

The incoming air being directed as described, does not come into direct contact with the pilot light, and consequently, there no tendency to extinguish the light.

Should the stool be heated insufficiently to vaporize the oil when the burner is first started in operation, the oil will travel through the stool chambers and drip from the slots 42 into the safety pan, where it may be vaporized or evaporated due to the following ignition of the oil, or if the pilot lamp should be extinguished and the oil continue to flow, it will rise to the outlet opening 60 or even to the edge of the pan and overflow into the bowl 1, escaping through the sump 1G to the drain pipe 19. Il hile the burner is in operation the fire pot- 62 insures a thorough mixing of the oil vapor and air to provide an effective fuel.

hat I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

1. In an oil burner, a pan including ,a bridge having an interior manifold chamber and having burner nipples in communication with the chamber, a vaporizing stool. supported over said nipples, means for conducting fuel. to the manifold, means for conducting oil to. the stool, and means for directing a current of combustion-supportig air to the stool.

2. In an oil burner, a pan, a pilot burner, a vaporizing stool overhanging the pilot burner including an upstanding annular flange forming a vaporizing chamber and having a drain slot, a central dome on the stool grooved exteriorly for drainage to said chamber at a point distant from the drain slot, and means for conducting fuel oil to the top of the dome for delivery to said groove.

In an oil burner, a pan including a transverse bridge containing a manifold chamber, upstanding nipples communicating with the chamber to form a pilot burner, vaporizing stool superimposed over the pilot burner, the bridge and stool having communicating supply channels, means for delivering fluid fuel to said channels, and means for d liver-ing fluid fuel to the manifold chamber.

l. ln an oil burner, a circular pan having diametrically offset indented portions forming exterior air channels and having a bridge extending between the indented portions forming a manifold chamber, nipples on the bridge having burner portions communicating with the manifold chamber, a tube extending through the bridge and projecting thereabove, a stool mounted on said bridge overlying said nipples, the pan having conduits in communication with the air channels and deflectors over said conduit having mouths radial with the pan to direct comblistion-supporting air circumferentially about the stoo 5. In an oil burner, a pan, a pilot burner, a vaporizing stool, a chamber-forming wall rising above the level of the pan and including a plurality of segmental fire brick tapered to form a chamber of gradually diminishing diameter and a drum enclosing the brick to hold the same together.

6. In an oil burner, a pan, a pilot burner, a vaporizing stool superimposed over the burner, a wall rising above the level of the stool including fire brick having tapered inner faces to form a combustion chamber of gradually diminishing diameter and inturned flanges at their upper ends fori'ning a restricted outlet orifice and a drum enclosing the wall brick to retain the same in close relation.

7. In an oil burner, a bowl having a bottom opening and an interior partition forming an air conduit and lLtVlHQ' an upstanding seat, a pan supported in said bowl and having an indented side registering wlth said air conduit, a pilot burner in the pan, a vaporizing stool above the pilot burner, and a deflector located over said air conduit for delivering combustion-supporting air about the stool.

8. In an oil burner, a bowl having diametrically opposite bottom openings and intorior partitions extending the openings upwardly into the bowl, a seat extending transversely between the partitions, a pan seated on said partitions and spaced from the seat to provide communication within the bowl across the seat, a pilot burner in the pan, a vaporizing stool in the pan above the pilot burner, means for supplying fuel through the bowlto the pilot burner and stool, a wall formed of segmental brick seated on the bowl, a housing for the wall extended over the bowl to anchor the brick, and deflectors in communication with the bowl openings for directing combustion supporting air circinnferentially within the pan and wall.

9. In an oil burner, a bowl having air openings therethrough, a pan superimposed on the bowl and having air openings in comnuinica'tion with the bowl openings, a pilot burner in the pan, a vaporizing stool in the pan above the pilot burner, deflectors for directing air from said openings about the stool, a wall superimposed on the bowl and enclosing a chamber above the pan, a spontsuspended below the bowl for directing air to said openings, means for delivering air under pressure to saidspout, means for delivering fuel to the pilot burner, and means for delivering fuel to the vaporizing stool.

10. An oil burner including a pan, a bowl housing the pan and adapted to receive overflow therefrom, a bridge in the pan, including a manifold chamber and jet outlets from the chamber, a stool overlying the jet outlets, means for discharging combustion supporting air tangentially of the stool, means for conducting liquid fuel to the stool, and means for conducting fuel to the manifold chamber.

11. An oil burner including an overflow bowl having an upstanding seat, a pan housed in said bowl and supported on said seat, a stool in the pan, means for delivering liquid fuel to the stool, means for delivering fuel for ignition below the stool, the bowl and the pan having registering air channels opening at the sides of the stool, and deflectors over the channels arranged to direct combustion supporting air in circumferential flow about the stool.

12. An oil burner including an overflow bowl having an upstanding seat, a pan housed in said bowl and supported on said seat, a stool in the pan, means for delivering liquid fuel to the stool, means for delivering fuel below the stool, the bowl and the pan having registering air channels opening at the sides of the stool, and deflectors over the channels arranged to direct combustion supporting air in circumferential flow about the stool, the deflectors having inclined tips at their discharge ends for directing the air downwardly into the pan.

13. In an oil burner, a pilot burner, a vaporizing stool located above the pilot burner including a disk having a central dome and an upstanding annular rim flange forming a vaporizing chamber between the flange and dome, and having a downstanding annular flange protecting the pilot burner, and means for delivering oil to the top of the dome for drainage over the dome to said ch amber.

14. In an oil burner, a bowl having air openings therein and having an overflow port in its bottom, a pan in the bowl spaced from the wall of the bowl having air openings registering with the air openings in the bowl and having an overflow opening above its bottom, a pilot burner in the pan, a vaporizing stool in the pan, means for supplying fuel to the pilot burner, means for supplying fuel to the vaporizing stool, a spout for directing air to the air openings in said bowl and deflectors over the air openings in the pan for directing'air delivered through said openings to the stool.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

GEORGE W. BLAKESLEY. 

